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DOGLOGIC donates 3% of all proceeds of sales thru this link to Great Dane Rescue, Inc  Human athletes often follow a feeding strategy called "carbohydrate loading." This approach was first described in 1967 by Bergstrom, who demonstrated that a high-carbohydrate diet in conjunction with athletic training resulted in improved endurance in competing athletes. During exercise muscle glycogen and blood glucose are the principal fuels for muscle contraction. Depletion of muscle glycogen in associated with muscle fatigue. Bergstrom showed that high-carbohydrate diets slowed muscle-glycogen depletion, thereby improving endurance human athletes. Studies in dogs and horses using the same strategy have been disappointing. Carbohydrate loading in sled dogs resulted' in exertional rhabdomyolysis, or 'tying up' (an excess accumulation of lactic acid in the muscles), and in horses it often caused founder (inflammation of the hooves) and colic. An alternative strategy involving increased levels of dietary fat is preferred for these animals.  High fat intake, in conjunction with endurance training
causes cardiovascular, pulmonary and exymatic changes that enhance
the storage of fat in muscle and increase an animals ability to
use fatty acids as fuel for muscle activity. This process
is known as 'fat adaptation." Stamina testing in rats shows improved endurance, better oxygen utilization and reduced depletion of muscle glycogen when high-fat diets are fed, as compared to high-carbohydrate diets. Racing sled dogs have been shown to perform better on high-fat diets. and treadmill studies with Beagles have shown that feeding high-fat diets results in a longer period before a state of exhaustion is reached, while a high-carbohydrate intake is associated with a more-rapid onset of fatigue. Fat adaptation is believed to improve efficiency of energy utilization in performance animals. One study showed that m fat-adapted race horses, 77 per cent of ingested metabolizable energy was available for athletic activity while the remaining 23 percent was expended to maintain normal metabolic functions. In nonfat-adapted horses. 34 per cent of metabolic functions. leaving only 66 per cent for athletic activity. This study proposed that fat adaptation increased the efficiency of energy utilization in the performance animal. Fat adaptation may also reduce breathing effort during exercise. During aerobic activity, muscles use oxygen to bum fuels, and carbon dioxide is produced as a by-product. increased heart and respiration rates during exercise facilitate an increased uptake of oxygen and release of carbon dioxide by the lungs. Less carbon dioxide is produced per unit of oxygen when fatty acids are burned as fuels, as compared to carbohydrates. Fat-adapted horses have lower levels of carbon dioxide in their blood during exercise, and this my reduce the breathing effort required. GETTING WATER FROM
FAT |
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increase in the production of "metabolic
water' in animals fed high-fat diets. Metabolic water is
defined as water produced from the metabolism of nutrients in
the body. When 100 grams of fat, protein and carbohydrate
are metabolized, approximately 107 grams, 40 grams and 55 of metabolic
water are produced, respectively. Depletion of water is
a major cause of fatigue m performance horses and higher metabolic
water production may provide a significant advantage in maintaining
hydration during prolonged exercise. | DogLogic News | ||
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